Vitamin-R is a different kind of productivity tool. It helps you getting started, supports you in your task, keeps you focused and motivated. Vitamin-R creates the optimal conditions for your brain to work at its best by structuring your work into short bursts of distraction-free, highly focused activity alternating with opportunities for renewal, reflection and intuition. MODULE 2: Productivity 2.2.36 T Productivity 39 2.2.37 T Incentive, production linked bonus and improvement in living standard 41 2.2.38 T Skill, Working Aids, Automation and Environmental Impact45 2.2.39 T Comparitive productivity in developed countries 48 2.2.40 T Banking process, KYC Registration, Cash handling, Personal risk and Insurance 54.
The normal range for a healthy person not using warfarin is 0.8–1.2. However, this is a dangerously low INR for a person using Warfarin.
It's safer for you when your INR is in your Normal INR Range because the risks of an INR Level lower than your Normal INR range could mean that you are at risk for potential clots and an INR higher than your Normal INR Range could mean that you are at risk for potential internal bleeding.
Normal INR Levels are 2.5 to 3.5 for people with the following conditions12
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Mechanical Heart Valves
Recurrent Heart Attack
Antiphospholipid antibodies
Normal INR Levels are 2.0 to 3.0 for people with the following conditions1
Treatment for deep vein thrombosis (dvt) - blood clot in leg
Treatment for pulmonary embolism (pe) - blood clot in lung
Prophylaxis of venous thrombosis (high-risk surgery)
Tissue heart valves
Acute Heart Attack
Valvular heart disease
Atrial fibrillation
As an example, we are going to use an INR of 2.5 because usually an INR of 2.5 is a normal INR level for someone taking Warfarin.
An INR Level of 2.5 is optimal and is inside your therapeutic INR range of 2-3. This means your blood is considered 'therapeutic'
What happens when your blood is 'therapeutic'
Having blood that is inside the therapeutic range assigned to you by your doctor means you are receiving the most effective treatment.
Treatment for an INR of 2.5
Since your International Normalised Ratio (INR) is inside your therapeutic range, your doctor may opt to maintain your current Warfarin therapy plan.
These are some scenarios you may experience:
If You're Experiencing Life-threatening Bleeding
Your doctor will give you a prothrombin complex concentrate and 10 mg of vitamin K1 by infusion. Your doctor may repeat if needed. This treatment is to stop the bleeding.
A prothrombin complex concentrate is a combination of blood clotting factors prepared from fresh-frozen human blood plasma. It's used to reverse the effects of Warfarin when bleeding occurs (e.g. in the brain or gut) requiring rapid action to accelerate coagulation (speed up clotting).1
How long an INR of 2.5 will last
Warfarin stays in the body for a long time. Every 20 to 60 hours, half the Warfarin in your body will be gone (metabolized).8 A single dose of Warfarin can last two to five days in your body. 7
If your Warfarin dosage was recently changed, the change in dosage may not make a notable difference in your INR for around 72 to 96 hours (three to four days). 9
When you should have another INR test
Since your INR of 2.5 is in the target range you should test at least ONCE every four weeks.2
These are some additional reasons you may need to test your INR more frequently:
When You First Begin Warfarin Therapy
When you're starting out with Warfarin, you should be monitored by your doctor 4-5 times a week until there's consistency with your INR test results.
Changes To Your Medications or Condition
When there are changes to medications you're taking or your medical condition You need to test more frequently because drugs and dietary changes can significantly interact with your Warfarin therapy. Drama 2 0 6.
When You Use Warfarin and Heparin at the Same time
When you are using Warfarin and Heparin You need to test more frequently and closely monitor your INR Level because the effect of heparin on your INR Level can lead to over-estimation of the therapeutic level of your Warfarin therapy.
How Warfarin 'thins' the blood
Warfarin, also known by the brand name Coumadin® does not actually 'thin' the blood or dissolve clots. Instead, it increases the time your body takes to clot by blocking the clotting factors that let your blood clot. So, after a clot has occurred, the goal of blood thinners is to prevent further extension of the blood clot and prevent future clots. Your body will naturally break down the blood clot while the blood thinner prevents additional clots from forming and prevents current clots from growing or dislodging and getting stuck somewhere else.7 However, saying that is a mouth full, so most often a Warfarin patients' blood is referred to as 'thin' or 'thick.'
In addition, Warfarin does not reverse ischemic tissue damage (damage to your tissue when it is deprived of oxygen from a clot).
Other INR Levels near your INR of 2.5
General INR Levels
Disclaimer: This page is an information resource only and is not to be relied on or substituted for any professional diagnostic or treatment. If you believe you have a blood clot or any other medical condition, you must consult a doctor.
Citations
Vitamin R 2 37 – Personal Productivity Tool Set
Kuruvilla, Mariamma, and Cheryle Gurk-Turner. 'A Review of Warfarin Dosing and Monitoring.' Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center). Accessed March 27, 2015. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1305837/.
'LABORATORY MONITORING OF ORAL ANTICOAGULANT THERAPY.' Utmb Health. Accessed March 27, 2015. http://www.utmb.edu/LSG/Pages/ORAL_ANTICOAG_THERAPY.aspx.
'UC San Diego Health System.' UC San Diego Health System. Accessed March 27, 2015. http://health.ucsd.edu/specialties/anticoagulation/providers/warfarin/Pages/dose-adjustments.aspx.
'Drug Information Center.' University of Illinois at Chicago. Accessed March 27, 2015. http://dig.pharm.uic.edu/faq/roleofvk.aspx.
'To Bridge or Not to Bridge.' University of Texas at Austin. October 7, 2011. Accessed March 27, 2015. https://www.utexas.edu/pharmacy/divisions/pharmaco/rounds/10-07-11rounds2.pdf.
'Protocol Anticoagulation.' Rutgers New Jersey Medical School. Accessed March 27, 2015. http://njms.rutgers.edu/departments/medicine/divisions/clinical/guide/protocol.cfm.
'COUMADIN® TABLETS (Warfarin Sodium Tablets, USP) Crystalline COUMADIN® FOR INJECTION (Warfarin Sodium for Injection, USP).' Federal Drug Administration. Accessed March 27, 2015. http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2010/009218s108lbl.pdf.
Horton JD, Bushwick BM. Warfarin therapy: evolving strategies in anticoagulation. Am Fam Physician. 1999;59:635–646.
Hirsh J, Dalen JE, Anderson DR, Poller L, Bussey H, Ansell J, Deykin D, Brandt JT. Oral anticoagulants: mechanism of action, clinical effectiveness, and optimal therapeutic range. Chest. 1998;114(5 Suppl):445S–469S.
'Warfarin Maintenance Dosing Nomogram.' University of Washington. Accessed March 27, 2015. http://depts.washington.edu/anticoag/home/content/warfarin-maintenance-dosing-nomogram.
'Interactions with COUMADIN.' Coumadin®. Accessed March 27, 2015. http://www.coumadin.com/pdf/Interactions_With_COUMADIN.pdf.
'Warfarin Users, Beware of Antibiotics.' Harvard Health. Accessed March 27, 2015. http://www.health.harvard.edu/heart-health/warfarin-users-beware-of-antibiotics.
'Food and Supplement Interactions.' UC San Diego Health System. Accessed March 27, 2015. http://health.ucsd.edu/specialties/anticoagulation/providers/warfarin/Pages/supplement-interactions.aspx.
Vitamin R 2 37 – Personal Productivity Tools
Vitamin-R is a collection of tools and techniques designed to overcome the biggest productivity challenges facing today's new caste of creative professionals: managing attention and maintaining motivation. It complements the task capturing and organizing features of modern to-do list managers, by forcing you to concentrate fully on one task a time and keeping distractions at bay. Vitamin-R smooths the creative process by rejecting the dusty business book notion of self discipline and fully embracing the way our brains are truly wired. Vitamin-R breaks down large, vaguely defined tasks into a series of short 'time slices' of between 10 and 30 minutes, each with specific, easily reachable and actionable objectives. During these time slices it keeps you focused on accomplishing only this one objective and provides you with mechanisms for dealing with interruptions, poor concentration, etc. Vitamin-R concentrates on getting started which allows you to break through the resistance of procrastination and creates a positive feedback loop of small achievements that get you closer to your ultimate aims. This greatly reduces the stress caused by looming deadlines and a lack of a clear direction, thus enabling you to enjoy guilt-free breaks in which you can pursue other interests. Vitamin-R provides you with the 'Now & Later Board', complete with FastType magic, to give you a place to quickly dump all those things that go through your head and allows to get back to the task at hand. While Vitamin-R assists you in getting on with your work, it also keeps a customizable record of your progress that can help you detect positive, os well as negative work patterns thus allowing you find the way that suits you best.